Even though the overall prevalence of HIV has declined by 50% in India in the past decade, the disease is still alive and well in four states — Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
Even though the overall prevalence of HIV has declined by 50% in India in the past decade, the disease is still alive and well in four states — Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. These account for 55% of all HIV infections in the country.
The total number of people living with HIV infections is close to 24 lakh of which 9.3 lakh are women. According to latest HIV figures released by the National Aids Control Organisation (Naco),
Punjab, Orissa, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh together account for another 12% of HIV infections. It is estimated that India had approximately 1.2 lakh new HIV cases in 2009 as against 2.7 lakh in 2000.
Manipur continues to top the list with an adult prevalence of 1.4% followed by Andhra Pradesh (0.9%), Mizoram (0.81%) and Nagaland at (0.78%). Karnataka, Maharashtra, Goa, Chandigarh, Gujarat, Punjab and Tamil Nadu have shown an estimated adult HIV prevalence greater than the national average of 0.31% while Delhi, Orissa, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh and Puducherry have a prevalence rate ranging between 0.28 to 0.3%. According to Naco statistics, 1.72 lakh people died of AIDS-related causes in 2009 in India. Wider access to anti-retroviral therapy in recent years has reduced the number of deaths.
While all high-prevalence states indicate a clear declining trend from 0.41% in 2000 to 0.31% in 2009, HIV has notably declined in Tamil Nadu. However, low-prevalence states such as Chandigarh, Orissa, Kerala, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya are showing rising trends in the past four years.
Of the 1.2 lakh estimated new infections in 2009, the six high-prevalence states account for only 39% of the cases while Orissa, Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat account for 41% of new infections.
Children account for 3.5% of all infections while 83% are in the age group of 15- 49 years. Andhra Pradesh has 5 lakh, Maharashtra has 4.2 lakh, Karnataka (2.5 lakh) and Tamil Nadu 1.5 lakh people with HIV infections.
West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh are estimated to have more than a lakh while Punjab, Orissa, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh have between 50,000 to 1,00,000 infections each.
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