Gender segregation enforced at public facilities meant that female candidates could not directly meet any male voters during their campaigns.
Saudi women were allowed to vote in elections on Saturday for the first time ever, in a tentative step towards easing widespread sex discrimination in the ultra- conservative Islamic kingdom.
In another first, women were allowed to stand as candidates in the polls for municipal councils, the country's only elected public chambers. The absolute monarchy, where women are banned from driving and must cover themselves from head-to-toe in public, was the last country to allow only men to vote.
More than 900 women are running, competing with nearly 6,000 men for seats. They have had to overcome a number of obstacles to participate in the landmark poll. Gender segregation enforced at public facilities meant that female candidates could not directly meet any male voters during their campaigns.
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Women voters said registration was hindered by bureaucratic obstacles, a lack of awareness of the process and its significance, and the fact that women could not drive themselves to sign up. Polling stations were also segregated on Saturday. As a result, women account for less than 10 per cent of registered voters and few, if any, female candidates are expected to be elected.
"To tell you the truth, I'm not running to win," said Amal Badreldin al-Sawari, 60, a paediatrician in central Riyadh. "I think I have done the winning by running." But one-third of seats on Saudi's 284 councils are appointed by the municipal affairs ministry, leaving women optimistic that they will at least be assigned some of them.
Sawari said she wanted to be a candidate out of patriotism and because Islam gives women rights.
"Men and women have equal rights in many things," she said, reciting a relevant verse from the Koran, and adding that everyone she encountered was supportive of her campaign. "Our society is dominated by men in appearance, but women work everywhere."
Aljazi al-Hossaini waged her 12-day campaign largely over the Internet, putting her manifesto on her website where both men and women could see it.
"I did my best, and I did everything by myself," said the 57-year-old management consultant, running in the Diriyah area on the edge of Riyadh.
"I'm proud of myself that I can do it." But not all women trying to break the mould in the conservative kingdom had such a positive experience. As campaigning began last month, three activists said they had been disqualified from running.
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