The report, released by TERI, also said the Indian solar photovoltaic (SPV) market has witnessed "significant" growth and nearly 80 per cent of manufacturing components in solar thermal technology have been domestic.
Rainfall activity over the country was below normal in 2014, which was also the fifth warmest year on record since 1901, a report by policy research body TERI said.
"Particulate matter concentration exceeded the prescribed limit in 83 per cent of the monitored locations in 2012. The annual mean temperature of India during 2014 was +0.53 C above the 1961 90 average. The year 2014 was the fifth warmest year on record since 1901. Rainfall activity over the country was below normal (88 per cent of long period average) during 2014. An enormous challenge lies before central and state governments to monitor the sustainable development goals and climate action plans in terms of data for environment," according to the 13th edition of TERI Energy and Environment Data Diary and Yearbook (TEDDY) 2015-16.
The report, released by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), also said the Indian solar photovoltaic (SPV) market has witnessed "significant" growth and nearly 80 per cent of manufacturing components in solar thermal technology have been domestic.
States such as Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala have announced their policies on grid-connected SPV rooftop, it said.
At a function to release the report, Secretary in Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas K D Tripathi said energy security and environmental sustainability are two key dimensions that need consideration by policymakers and industry alike.
"Sustained review of all the relevant data and analysis is imperative for informed policy making. TEDDY 2015-16 provides all the necessary inputs for the same. I hope it will be useful to those interested in energy and environment sectors," Tripathi said.
TERI Director General Ajay Mathur said the report compiles information and knowledge on energy and environment in India, enabling one to develop and validate trends that can be the building blocks for policy recommendations.
On access to energy, the report said as per the 68th round of National Sample Survey (NSS), 72.7 per cent of rural households and 96.1 per cent of urban households depend on electricity for lighting.
Disaggregation of data from the 68th National Sample Survey (NSS) round showed that use of electricity for lighting is lowest for household type 'casual labour' in urban areas and 'non-agricultural casual labour' in rural areas.
The report said estimates from Census 2011 data on cooking suggest that over 85 per cent of rural households and 26.2 per cent of urban households depend on solid biomass as the primary fuel. The report said coal remained the dominant fuel in India in 2015, comprising 56.48 per cent of the total consumption of fuel.
Coal also accounted for more than 67 per cent of the total capacity addition during 2014-15 while coal imports have grown at a compound annual growth rate of 25 per cent over the past five years, from 68.91 million tonnes (MT) in 2010-11 to 212.103 MT in 2014-15, it said.
In the agriculture sector, TEDDY report said about 1,59,114 GWh (Gigawatt Hour) of electricity was consumed by the agriculture sector in 2013-14 (18.03 per cent of the total consumption of electricity in India) as compared to 1,47,462 GWh in 2012-13 (17.89 per cent of the total consumption).
The agriculture sector in India uses approximately 80 per cent of utilisable water for irrigation and the average water use efficiency of irrigation projects is assessed to be 30 35 per cent, the report said.
In the natural gas and petroleum products sector, the report said the total natural gas supply, including LNG, in India in 2014-15 was around 53.98 BCM (billion cubic metres) and imports formed around 37.7 per cent of it.
The production of natural gas declined in 2014-15 by about 5 per cent, from 35.4 BCM in 2013-14 to 33.65 BCM. As diesel prices were fully decontrolled in October 2014, under-recoveries on the fuel were brought down to Rs 10,935 crore in 2014-15, from Rs 62,837 crore in the previous fiscal, the report said.
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