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Indian export growth slows as stimulus induced growth slows

Exports grow just 13% against 30%-55% during the last six months, Imports show no sign of letting off - jumping 34%.

Indian export growth slows as stimulus induced growth slows

In what commerce secretary Rahul Khullar called a stimulus withdrawal symptom, India's exports dropped to just 13.2% in July, the lowest level in seven months. Total exports for the month of July was at $16.2 billion, the second lowest monthly export figure in six months, almost 20% below the record $19.9 billion market hit in March. 

"Everywhere, governments are doing a calibrated withdrawal of stimulus.. The aggregate demand has taken a hit," Khullar, known for his cautious assessments, explained. He pointed out that countries everywhere are trying to emerge out of the recession by promoting their own export to fast-growing economies like India and China.

"There is a limit to how much the world can depend on growth in India and China," he pointed out, adding that consumption is these countries too may start declining if their own exports get hit.

Part of the reason for the dip has been previous year numbers. Exports were at their weakest levels from November 2008 to June 2009, when they tended to remain below the $13 billion mark. In July last year, exports started picking up, hitting $14.3 billion in August. July was also the month in which Indian exports set a pre-recession record of $19 billion dollars in 2008.

In keeping with the higher base from the second half of last year and global withdrawal of stimulus, growth numbers are likely to be around 15% for the second half of the year, compared to 35% for the first half of 2010, warned Khullar.

India, however, is likely to reach its target of growing its exports by 15% this year to hit $200 billion. The first four months have already seen total exports of around $69 billion.
However, the government is concerned about the relentless growth in imports and the resulting jump in the trade deficit or import-export gap. The difference between the foreign exchange bill of imports and exports is met by diverting earnings from the exports of services, such as IT and BPO. 

July again saw a strong increase in merchandise imports, hitting $29.2 billion and led by high demand for coal, fertilizers and chemicals. Fertilizer imports more than doubled in July, thanks to a normal monsoon, while imports of coal, machinery, iron and steel and other metals grew between 35-55% in July, compared to a year ago.

While exports are nearly 20% below their $20 billion record, imports are only 13% below their $33.5 billion record set in August 2008. However, unlike in 2008, most of the present import growth cannot be explained by the run-away price of crude, which accounts for around a third of India's total goods imports.

"The 34% growth in imports cannot be attributed to a jump in petroleum imports.. Petroleum imports accounted for only around $7.6 billion, and grew just 4% year on year," the secretary said, adding that current deficit trend of $130 billion a year are clearly out of the government's comfort zone.

Khullar also said that the recent visa-fee hike by the US government on Indian skilled workers was incompatible with the US' obligations under the World Trade Organization rules.

He also said India is pushing the ASEAN trading block, including members like Thailand, Malaysia etc., to open up their service sector. The countries are afraid of opening up their service sector fearing that Indian services companies may swamp them, Khullar added.

"Our line has been that if we are providing an intermediary service -- which is the raw material for creating another good or service -- it [Indian services] can only add to your competitiveness," he said, adding that companies based in countries like the US are shooting themselves in the foot by choosing more expensive services from the locals instead of cheaper services from Indian firms.

Khullar ruled out the possibility of the government compensating tech companies for the Rs 900 crore increased annual expenses they will face due to the special visa charges.

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