Mars Orbiter Mission is India's first interplanetary mission to planet Mars with an orbiter craft designed to orbit Mars in an elliptical orbit. The Mission is primarily technological mission considering the critical mission operations and stringent requirements on propulsion and other bus systems of spacecraft.
Mission Objectives
One of the main objectives of the first Indian mission to Mars is to develop the technologies required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission.
Following are the major objectives of the mission:
A. Technological Objectives:
- Design and realisation of a Mars orbiter with a capability to survive and perform Earth bound manoeuvres, cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars.
- Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and management.
- Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.
B. Scientific Objectives:
- Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere by indigenous scientific instruments.
Payloads:
Lyman Alpha Photometer, an absorption cell photometer that measures relative abundance of deuterium and hydrogen from Lyman-alpha emission in the Martian upper atmosphere.
Methane Sensor for Mars, designed to measure methane in the Martian atmosphere with PPB accuracy and map its sources.
Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser, a quadruple mass spectrometer capable of analysing the neutral composition in the range of 1 to 300 amu with unit mass resolution.
Mars Color Camera, a tri-color camera that gives images and information about the surface features and composition of Martian surface.
Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectometer measures the thermal emission and can be operated during both day and night. Temperature and emissivity are two basic physical parameters estimated from thermal emission measurement.
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