Adopting a fresh approach, an international panel expert report has indicated Australia could give India access to its uranium provided "equivalent disciplines" were applied to help meet disarmament obligations.
According to latest media reports here today, Australia could drop its ban on selling uranium to India after a report commissioned by Australian prime minister Kevin Rudd and his Japanese counterpart recommended changes to the nuclear non-proliferation regime.
The report suggested that three nations not covered by NPT treaty--India, Pakistan and Israel--should sign up to "parallel instruments" designed to ensure they did not divert civilian nuclear materials to military use that will pave the way for them to access uranium and other nuclear materials and technology.
Suggestions in International Commission on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament report--released by Japan's prime minister Yukio Hatoyama yesterday--could resolve this impasse, the report said.
The report said the reality is that India, Pakistan and Israel would not sign up to the treaty and this meant "every effort should be made to achieve their participation in parallel instruments and arrangements which apply equivalent non-proliferation and disarmament obligations".
"Provided they satisfy strong objective criteria demonstrating commitment to disarmament and non-proliferation...these states should have access to nuclear materials and technology for civilian purposes on the same basis as an NPT member," the report said.
Rudd and his then Japanese counterpart set up the commission 18 months ago amid concerns the treaty was unravelling as countries such as North Korea and Iran stepped up their nuclear programs.
It also called on the nuclear powers to cut their arsenals of warheads from 23,000 to 2000 by 2025, to take them off hair-trigger alert status and to adopt "no first use" doctrines.
Rory Medcalf, Lowy Institute's program director for international security, said the report could prompt the government to abandon Labor's resistance to nuclear energy and adopt a more open position towards foreign non-military programs.
"This report is very supportive of the nuclear energy renaissance," he said.
"Australia has to be more actively engaged in the civil nuclear energy revival globally if we are going to be a credible player in the non-proliferation environment".
Medcalf, who was a consultant to the commission, said the report's call for "no first use" policies on weapons could require Australia to change its strategic alliance with the US.
In particular, the government could limit its defence umbrella and rely on the US to deploy nuclear weapons only in the case of a nuclear attack.
A senior government source said Australia's role as an exporter of uranium indicated it already strongly supported overseas civilian nuclear energy programs.
"This proposal (on no first use) is something the government will need to think through. The prime minister has said he strongly supports the abolition of nuclear weapons," he said.
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