Trump's administration has said Canada must sign on to the text of the updated North American Free Trade Agreement before Monday or face exclusion from the pact.
Canadian and US negotiators were racing against a midnight Sunday deadline (0400 GMT Monday) to reach a deal to revamp NAFTA, but thorny issues including Canada's dairy market and US tariffs were still unresolved, a Canadian official and other sources said.
US President Donald Trump's administration has said Canada must sign on to the text of the updated North American Free Trade Agreement before Monday or face exclusion from the pact. Washington has already reached a bilateral deal with Mexico, the third NAFTA member.
"Lots of progress but we're not there yet ... we still have a couple of tough issues, so we're doing our best," Canada's ambassador to Washington, David MacNaughton, told reporters outside the Ottawa building where Canadian officials are gathered.
"I'm cautiously optimistic, but we'll see," he added.
Officials are talking continuously by telephone. One Ottawa source directly familiar with the talks said the two sides were very close, while another said: "We are close, but not there yet."
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau joined his negotiating team on Sunday evening, a possible sign of movement, but he did not speak to reporters as he entered the Ottawa building.
The US Trade Representative's office told industry stakeholders over the weekend that Washington was on track to reach a deal with Ottawa by the end of Sunday, said people briefed on the matter.
Trump blames NAFTA for the loss of American manufacturing jobs and wants major changes to the pact, which underpins $1.2 trillion in annual trade. Markets fear its demise would cause major economic disruption.
One of the Canadian sources said Ottawa would take nothing for granted until Trump had signed off on a deal.
US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer and White House adviser Jared Kushner have been updating Trump throughout Sunday on the talks, a US source familiar with the discussions said.
As part of any agreement, Canada looks set to offer increased access to its highly protected dairy market, as it did in separate pacts with the European Union and Pacific nations.
The influential Dairy Farmers of Canada lobby group - which strongly opposes the idea - said in a statement that it insisted "any final NAFTA deal should have no further negative impact on the dairy sector."
US business groups oppose turning NAFTA into a bilateral deal because the three nations' economies have become closely intertwined since the original pact came into force in 1994.
Officials have blown through several deadlines since the talks started in August 2017, and a third Canadian source said that if the two sides were close enough at midnight, negotiations could spill over into Monday.
TARIFF ISSUE
Canada and the United Stares are also looking for a compromise on the issue of U.S. tariffs.
Trump has already imposed tariffs on Canadian aluminum and steel, citing national security, and is threatening similar punitive measures against auto exports. Trudeau said it made no sense to sign on to a new NAFTA only to be hit by new tariffs, and is seeking safeguards.
One source briefed on the talks said negotiators were looking to imitate the provisions of the bilateral Mexico-US deal on NAFTA.
The two nations signed a side letter allowing Washington to pursue tariffs on annual Mexican car and SUV imports of over 2.4 million vehicles, a number that significantly exceeds last year's total. The Mexican government said the letter provided insurance that gave the auto industry scope to grow.
A fourth Canadian source directly familiar with the negotiations said any suggestion Ottawa would accept a cap or quota on autos exports was inaccurate.
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