It's getting hotter: New study shows massive increase in moss growth in Antarctic Peninsula

For the naysayers who don’t believe climate change exists, here’s a reality check: Antarctica’s landscape is transforming from white to green, as plant life on the continent grows like never before.

As reported by AFP, scientists, who published a paper in Current Biology, have said they have found a sharp increase in plant growth in the past 50 years. Currently, plant life is 0.3% in what used to be a state dominated by ice.  

 “Temperature increases over roughly the past half century on the Antarctic Peninsula have had a dramatic effect on moss banks growing in the region,” said co-author Matt Amesbury, of the University of Exeter, adding that if this trend continued, then the peninsula would be a much greener place than it is today.

Five moss cores — or column-like samples drilled from the Earth — showed evidence of what scientists called “changepoints,” or points in time after which biological activity clearly increased.

Areas sampled included three Antarctic islands — Elephant Island, Ardley Island, and Green Island — where the deepest and oldest moss banks grow, said the report.

“This gives us a much clearer idea of the scale over which these changes are occurring,” said Amesbury.

“Previously, we had only identified such a response in a single location at the far south of the Antarctic Peninsula, but now we know that moss banks are responding to recent climate change across the whole of the Peninsula.”

The polar regions are warming more rapidly than the rest of the Earth, as greenhouse gasses from fossil fuel burning build up in the atmosphere and trap heat.

The Arctic is warming the fastest, but Antarctica is not far behind, with annual temperatures gaining almost one degree Fahrenheit (half degree Celsius) each decade since the 1950s.

“The sensitivity of moss growth to past temperature rises suggests that ecosystems will alter rapidly under future warming, leading to major changes in the biology and landscape of this iconic region,” said researcher Dan Charman, a professor at Exeter.

“In short, we could see Antarctic greening to parallel well-established observations in the Arctic.”

Researchers on the project also came from the University of Cambridge and the British Antarctic Survey.

in what used to be a state dominated by ice.  

 “Temperature increases over roughly the past half century on the Antarctic Peninsula have had a dramatic effect on moss banks growing in the region,” said co-author Matt Amesbury, of the University of Exeter, adding that if this trend continued, then the peninsula would be a much greener place than it is today.

Five moss cores — or column-like samples drilled from the Earth — showed evidence of what scientists called “changepoints,” or points in time after which biological activity clearly increased.

Areas sampled included three Antarctic islands — Elephant Island, Ardley Island, and Green Island — where the deepest and oldest moss banks grow, said the report.

“This gives us a much clearer idea of the scale over which these changes are occurring,” said Amesbury.

“Previously, we had only identified such a response in a single location at the far south of the Antarctic Peninsula, but now we know that moss banks are responding to recent climate change across the whole of the Peninsula.”

The polar regions are warming more rapidly than the rest of the Earth, as greenhouse gasses from fossil fuel burning build up in the atmosphere and trap heat.

The Arctic is warming the fastest, but Antarctica is not far behind, with annual temperatures gaining almost one degree Fahrenheit (half degree Celsius) each decade since the 1950s.

“The sensitivity of moss growth to past temperature rises suggests that ecosystems will alter rapidly under future warming, leading to major changes in the biology and landscape of this iconic region,” said researcher Dan Charman, a professor at Exeter.

“In short, we could see Antarctic greening to parallel well-established observations in the Arctic.”

Researchers on the project also came from the University of Cambridge and the British Antarctic Survey.