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Maharashtra more jobless than Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh: UN report

4.5% young men in state are unemployed as against only 2.5% in neighbouring Gujarat; its women labour force has also declined.

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Unemployment in Maharashtra is almost double that of Gujarat. As against the 2.5% urban young men unemployed in Gujarat, 4.5% in Maharashtra are jobless.

Surprisingly, unemployment in Maharashtra is not only higher than states, such as Uttar Pradesh and Delhi, but is also more than the national average of 4.3%. These findings are part of a report ‘State of the Urban Youth-India 2013’ released by UN-Habitat on Sunday.

The report also reveals that Lakshadweep has the highest unemployment among men — 16.3% and Meghalaya has the highest among women — 35.9% — in the country. In Lakshadweep, 18.2% women are unemployed and in Meghalaya, 15.7% men are jobless. Nagaland is next with 11.2% men and 13.9% women unemployed.

The study is based on NSS 66 round of data (2009-10) of urban youth between the ages of 15 and 32.

The unemployment among women is higher as compared to men in Maharashtra, Gujarat and many other states. However, very few women in Delhi (0.9%), Uttar Pradesh (2.2%) and Madhya Pradesh (2.3%) are unemployed.

The report reads, “Three-fourth of rural women and 5/6 of urban women are not in the labour force. Between 2004-05 and 2009-10, the proportion of young women in the labour force has slipped from 33% to 25% in rural India and from 19% to 16% in urban India.”

TISS professor Bino Paul GD, who studied the employment status, attributes the reduction to increase in enrolment of women in educational institutions.

Economist Ajit Ranade says, “Unemployment figures are drawn from registration in employment exchange, which doesn’t give a correct picture. Besides, a large proportion of youth today are under-employed, this means they are in jobs which pay less than they deserve as per their skills and qualifications.”

However, in terms of wages, Maharashtra is ahead of Gujarat. Median weekly wage in Maharashtra is Rs900 in formal and Rs2,600 in informal sector. In Gujarat, it is Rs775 and Rs1,400 respectively. In formal sector, Delhi youth earn the highest in India — Rs1,200; in informal, Haryana pays the highest — Rs4,000. The national average is Rs770 and Rs2,500.

Also read: Congress blames Narendra Modi for rising unemployment in Gujarat

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