Last week, in a move that made the international community sit up and take notice, the Reserve Bank of India purchased 200 tonnes of gold from the International Monetary Fund for around $7 billion. Reportedly, this was done to diversify the country's foreign exchange reserves.
Though a $7 billion infusion of gold in a portfolio totalling $285.5 billion, consisting mainly of US treasuries, can hardly be called diversification, it is important nonetheless because central banks and other international investors around the world are aggressively stacking up on gold today. All, essentially because the world is losing trust in the dollar.
With its easy monetary policy, the US, as it were, seems determined to let an already weak dollar become even weaker. And since the world's reserve currency is rapidly deteriorating in value, gold will be a very preferred investment choice till an alternative world currency comes into the picture.
The Middle East countries, China and Russia, amongst others, are buying gold. Several other central banks may also be buying without publicly announcing as much.
So, what should retail investors do now? Well, go buy gold, of course.
Gold, being an asset of the highest quality on earth, should always be a part of any portfolio -- more so today.
And the best way to buy gold is to invest in gold exchange traded funds (ETFs)
Essentially, ETFs are mutual funds listed on the stock exchange. You can buy and sell them just like you would buy and sell a share.
In the case of gold ETFs, the underlying asset is standard gold bullion. In other words, a gold ETF is just like any other mutual fund scheme, but for one difference -- instead of being invested in equity shares, the monies collected are invested in gold.
Currently, Benchmark, Kotak, UTI, Reliance, Quantum and SBI MFs offer gold ETFs.
Generally, the price of one ETF unit represents approximately one gram of gold. Since these are passively managed funds, the NAV will basically track the price of gold in the open market.
In a country where gold worth over Rs 70,000 crore per annum is sold in the form of jewellery, coins, biscuits and bars, the total assets under management of these schemes is just around Rs 1,058 crore. This suggests investors are either unaware or uncomfortable with buying gold in the electronic form.
A shift in mindset is called for. Think of the money in your bank. Whether you have Rs 10,000 or Rs 10 lakh or over a crore, the physical cash (hopefully) is not lying in your safe -- your bank passbook indicates the amount you own. Similarly, there was a time, not too long ago, when physical share certificates needed to be delivered and stored. Then we shifted to electronic holding and an investor's life was never more convenient. Similarly, gold can be held in the dematerialised, electronic form, which is essentially is a safer more efficient way to own it.
For starters, there is no doubt on the purity -- you can't get purer gold even if you tried and you don't even have to depend on human honesty or scruples. With a gold ETF, the risk of impurity is non-existent. Security is of course taken care of by the fund, unlike in the case of jewellery or other forms of physical gold where the threat of theft always looms.
As for denomination, one can literally buy one gram at a time. With Quantum, you can even buy half a gram at a time. Though a systematic investment plan (SIP), as we know it, is not possible in the case of gold ETFs, one of my friends has been diligently picking up 5 grams of gold per month and by now he is the proud owner of 110 grams of the highest quality gold. When it comes to selling back, the making charges of jewellery cannot be recovered. In fact, jewellery is generally bought back at a discounted price. Coins and bars also suffer from similar problems. Units of gold ETFs, on the other hand, can be sold by either a call to your broker or with a few clicks of your mouse, if you have an online trading account.
The tax benefits round off the manifold advantages of holding gold in the electronic form -- it is free of wealth tax and subject to long-term capital gains tax of 10% as against 20% in case of physical gold.
To sum
There is an unscientific but interesting correlation between the Dow Jones index and gold prices. In 1933, gold was trading at $32 per ounce and the Dow was around $50. In 1980, gold was at $850 and Dow at around 870. By that measure, some investors hold that gold is undervalued over nine times currently.
When markets are erratic and times unpredictable, the wise thing to do is to step up exposure to an asset that would infuse a semblance of stability and strength to the portfolio. And the cleanest, simplest and the most efficient way to do this is to invest in a gold ETF. Not to mention the fact that the rampant way in which countries are debasing their currencies, one cannot help feel that at the end of the day, bullion will be more valuable than the billions.
(The writer is director, Wonderland Consultants, a tax and financial planning firm)


