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Telangana: The history behind bifurcation and birth of India's 29th state

In 1972, the "Jai Andhra" movement began in Coastal Andhra for creation of a separate Andhra state following a Supreme Court order upholding "Mulki" rules (which reportedly barred those from non-Telangana regions to compete for posts in Hyderabad).

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In 1972, the "Jai Andhra" movement began in Coastal Andhra for creation of a separate Andhra state following a Supreme Court order upholding "Mulki" rules (which reportedly barred those from non-Telangana regions to compete for posts in Hyderabad).

In 1975, a Presidential order was issued to implement "six-point formula" providing some safeguards to Telangana.

Congress fought the 2004 elections in alliance with TRS and they came to power in AP on the back of a strong discontent against the Chandrababu Naidu-led TDP government.

The Congress-led UPA Government at the Centre included the Telangana issue in its Common Minimum Programme (CMP) in 2004. However, there was not much forward movement on the statehood issue in the next few years.

Y S Rajasekhara Reddy, the popular Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, died in a chopper crash in September 2009 which subsequently led to the resurrection of TRS and its Telangana agenda.

The TRS President began a fast unto death towards the end of 2009 and the then Union Home Minister P Chidambaram announced on December 9, 2009 that steps would be taken for the formation of separate Telangana.

However, in the wake of strong protests in Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema, the Centre announced on December 23, 2009 that more consultations would be held on the contentious and highly emotional issue.

The Centre set up a commission, headed by retired Supreme Court Judge B N Srikrishna, which presented six options to the Centre.

After the Union Cabinet approved the bifurcation, a Group of Ministers (GoM) was appointed to go into the modalities of carving out a separate state.

The Union Cabinet approved the draft AP Reorganisation Bill on December 5 based on the recommendations of the GoM.

President Pranab Mukherjee referred the draft Bill to the AP Legislative Assembly for its views. However, the Bill was rejected by the Assembly on January 30 amid din.

Kiran Reddy staged an unprecedented sit-in in Delhi on February 5 to oppose the bifurcation. Ignoring his protest, the Centre tabled the Bill in Parliament for passage.

Central Congress Ministers and MPs from Seemandhra left no stone unturned to stall the legislation in both Houses of Parliament, but in the end could not stop Telangana state from becoming a reality. 

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