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70% of internal migrants in India are women: UN

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Contrary to the popular notion, 70% of all internal migrants in Indian are women in search of better opportunities who are abandoning their villages for metropolitan cities. According to the Unesco publication on Social Inclusion of Internal Migrants in India released on Thursday in New Delhi, 326 million people (as per NSSO’s 2008 survey) — around 30% of India’s population — are internal migrants.

According to the report, approximately three out of ten Indians living in metropolises are migrants from another part of the country. Reports says that almost 30% of the internal migrants fall within the age group of 15-29 years. In India, migrants fall into two categories: Those who migrate for survival and those who leave their homes in search of better opportunities. The report stated that social inclusion of migrants in mainstream society is a major challenge that India need to address because locals don’t accept outsiders as their own.

According to the report, large concentrations of migrants from states like Bihar, Chhastisgarh, Jharkhand, UP and Rajasthan are found in cities like Mumbai and Delhi with the majority of them engaged in menial jobs and living in sub-standard conditions.

“The current public discourse does not adequately address issues such as seasonal and circular migration, and the gender-specific and child-specific facets of internal migration. Most of the migrants living in the cities live in sub-standard conditions. Migration of the women is also subjected to trafficking,” the report said.

Union minister for rural development Jairam Ramesh said migration is not confined to people moving form rural areas to big cities. A binary system of migration has become obsolete, and now migration takes place from rural areas to semi-urban areas and semi-urban areas to urban areas, he said. He also said that development is putting some break on migration  from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

Migration to Maharashtra
1 States from where major migration takes place (around 3 lakh people in a decade): UP and Karnataka.

2   States with migration around 2 to 3 lakh: Andhra Pradesh.

3 States with migration around 1 to 2 lakh: Bihar, MP, WB,  Chhatishgarh, and Rajasthan.

4 States with migration less than one lakh: Kerala.

(According to 2001 Major net migration flow in  India, duration 0-9 years)

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