Pregnancy leads to permanent changes in women's feet

A new study has confirmed what many women have long suspected - pregnancy permanently changes the size and shape of the mum-to-be’s feet.

Flat feet are a common problem for pregnant women. The arch of the foot flattens out, possibly due to the extra weight and increased looseness (laxity) of the joints associated with pregnancy.

The study by the University of Iowa suggests that this loss of arch height is permanent.

“I had heard women reporting changes in their shoe size with pregnancy, but found nothing about that in medical journals or textbooks,” Neil Segal, UI associate professor of orthopaedics and rehabilitation said.

“In order to study this more scientifically, we measured women’s feet at the beginning of their pregnancy and five months after delivery. We found that pregnancy does indeed lead to permanent changes in the feet,” he said.

The UI study followed 49% women and collected static and dynamic arch measurements during the first trimester of pregnancy and again about five months after childbirth.

The researchers found that for about 60 to 70% of the women in the study, their feet became longer and wider

Specifically, the study showed that on average, arch height and measures of arch rigidity decreased significantly from early pregnancy to five months after childbirth, causing corresponding increases in foot length (between 2 and 10 mm) and arch drop.

However, no significant change in the distribution of foot pressure was detected.

The study also suggested that first pregnancies may account for most of the observed changes, while second, third, or higher pregnancies may not further alter foot structure

“We know that women, and especially women who have had children,’ are disproportionately affected by musculoskeletal disorders,” Segal, who also is an associate professor of radiology and epidemiology at the UI, as well as director of the Clinical Osteoarthritis Research Program said.

“It is possible that these foot changes that occur during pregnancy may help explain why, in comparison with men, women are at higher risk for pain or arthritis in their feet, knees, hips, and spines,” he said

The study is published in the American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.