Duped by million clicks

With more people moving towards using digital as a primary medium, the dominance of digital advertising and marketing strategies is on the rise.

No other medium comes close to giving the level of return on investment data on campaigns such as digital. Marketers and agencies alike can get data on a campaign in terms of clicks, likes, views, etc.

While the marketers love this medium as it gives them accuracy in targeting and measurability of the impact of their campaigns, there is something called ad fraud defeating the very purpose all together by manipulating the outcome. Ad fraud creates fake traffic, fake leads or misrepresented or ineffective ad placements only to scam brands into paying agencies and publishers money for something worthless.

Marketers and ad agencies might not admit it openly but advertising fraud has been one of their greatest worries today. "Fraud traffic and viewability are the top concerns of marketers along with site quality and wastage. Whether fraudulent traffic is incidental or accidental, it has become a legitimate concern. The basic problem is not just the inability to know a customer but the inability to know the traffic. It's proved very difficult for social media platforms to establish the trust for their own analytics. Attribution is one of the best approaches for accurately ascribing credit to a platform's analytics, however, fraud has and will affect all platforms and publishers to some extent. Advertisers must look into analytics behind their traffic to understand the impact of bot traffic," says Ashish Shah, CEO and founder, Vertoz.

Businesses globally could lose a massive $16.4 billion to online advertising fraud in 2017, says an ad verification company Adloox. It also mentions that 20% of the total digital ad spends were wasted in 2016 due to ad fraud.

If there is any roadblock to digital advertising, this is it. As the accuracy of viewership is something that the young medium uses to prove its superiority over other traditional mediums such as television, newspapers, radio, outdoor, etc.

Sridhar Ramanujam, founder and CEO of Integrated Brand-Comm, says, "Unfortunately this is a necessary evil of digital marketing, especially when brands execute paid media efforts. Advertisers pass those funds on to 'click farms' to amplify engagement stats. The reason this is still not under control is because it's gone unchecked for far too long. It doesn't help that digital still has an element of subjectivity when it comes to content especially to drive engagement."

“No one claims to have eliminated fraud, but the global platforms and marketplaces are helping much more than say two years ago,” said a recent GroupM report. “When demand exceeds supply, there are rich pickings for the same professional fraudsters who also infiltrate online payments and banking. We predict it will take five to 10 years for advertising to become as secure as banking is today,” it said.

The report said that several countries regard 1-2% ad fraud as being “under control”. Australia cites a 2.8% result from 4 billion impressions checked by Moat. Hungary reports a current 5% fraud rates in manual buys, which is a concern, and even worse in automated buying.

“Two countries admit that fraud is not yet controlled. South Africa is still adopting the technology. It is expensive, so only larger clients are using it. Many others rely instead on trusted premium publishers only and avoid biddable inventory, which is sensible strategies. The other is Russia, where local ad servers do not track fraud, and global ad servers have low penetration,” the report said.

Saurabh Mathur, planning director, VML India, said, "With an emerging digital scene that is seeing plenty of growth for mobile-app developments and internet penetration, India is ripe for ad fraud. India has been seeing different forms of ad frauds. For instance, publishers tend to push cheap clicks through malware and spam. Also, the usage of livid material to attract more clicks have also replaced creative banners that were initially provided by the advertisers. It is not uncommon for reputable sites in India to have such visuals displayed on their site."

China distinguishes between bot fraud (fraud by machines) and click farms (fraud by human). While it is confident about managing bot fraud, the country also notes click-farm countermeasures are not so advanced and still require case-by-case manpower.

Rohit Pabalkar, SEO head, Webmaffia, said, “With the rise in digital mediums and the competitiveness, some amount of frauds will increase but it would be interesting to see how publishers counter these digital frauds. However, clearing the publisher inventory on a real time basis can be done to counter these issues. This will certainly not stop the ad frauds but restrict them largely.”

There are definitely other ways to counter ad frauds. One is for brands to use premium sites and private marketplaces that are much safer than open inventory exchange.

“In Italy, 90% of programmatic buying is conducted in private and controlled markets, as opposed to the open market. This keeps fraud down to 1%. The Philippines and Singapore use the same approach to safeguard high client expectations of orderly “adjacency” and find this disqualifies about 40% of all potential supply... Malaysia manually cross-checks visits and interactions on-page to uncover bot fraud anomalies,” said the GroupM report. Sridhar Ramanujam, founder and CEO of Integrated Brand-Comm, says there are a couple of ways brands can clamp down on this. "Use tools that check whether the click came from a human or a bot. The other is to sync publishing time with the time when their audience is most active during the day," he said.

Even machine learning and artificial intelligence helps in detecting ad fraud.

“There are many tools and techniques for managing “open inventory,” and some of our agencies use these on every transaction. In order of spontaneous mentions the top scorers are Integral Ad Science, Moat, Grapeshot (only works on text), white/blacklists, Methbot, Sizmek, Adform and DoubleVerify,” said GroupM. It added, “We have never been better equipped than we are today, but we face a competent enemy in a dynamic territory.”

...& ANALYSIS

• Using digital, agencies and marketers alike can get data on a campaign in terms of clicks, likes, views, etc
   
• Ad fraud creates fake traffic and ineffective ad placements; hence is roadblock to digital advertising